Root canal

The root canal (Latin canalis radicis dentis) is an anatomical space within the tooth root that connects the pulp chamber with the tissues surrounding the tooth through openings at the root tip (apical delta). Normally, it contains the root pulp containing the neurovascular bundle.

Etiology and pathophysiology

The root canal serves as the main route of communication between the internal environment of the tooth and the periodontium. When the pulp dies, the root canal becomes a reservoir for bacterial growth. Toxins and tissue decay products escape freely through the canal into the periapical tissues, causing the development of apical periodontitis.

Clinical significance

The complex anatomy of root canals, the presence of branches and bends make their cleaning a laborious process. High-quality endodontic treatment involves complete cleaning, disinfection and sealed filling of the entire system of root canals to prevent the reoccurrence of inflammation in the periapical tissues.