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Granulation Tissue

Also known as: Granulations

Granulation tissue (Latin granulum — grain) is a new connective tissue that is rich in blood vessels and immune system cells. In dentistry, the formation of this tissue is a universal reaction of the organism to chronic inflammation at the apex of a tooth root.

Etiology and pathophysiology

When infection persistently comes from the root canal, the jawbone tissue is destroyed and replaced by granulation tissue. This tissue performs a protective function: vessels deliver immune system cells to the site of infection to fight microorganisms. Over time, granulation tissue can increase in volume, leading to the formation of a granuloma.

Clinical significance

On an X-ray, granulation tissue appears as a focus of darkening (a dark spot). After successful endodontic treatment and the removal of biofilm from the root canals, granulations gradually transform into complete bone tissue, which is a sign of healing.