{"id":6203,"date":"2026-02-26T16:53:55","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T13:53:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.dev.voka.io\/glossary\/hyperplasie-de-l-endometre\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T13:56:29","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T10:56:29","slug":"hyperplasie-de-l-endometre","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.dev.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/hyperplasie-de-l-endometre\/","title":{"rendered":"Hyperplasie de l’endom\u00e8tre"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L’hyperplasie de l’endom\u00e8tre (du grec hyper<\/em> \u2014 au-del\u00e0, plasis<\/em> \u2014 formation) est un processus pathologique prolif\u00e9ratif caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par une prolif\u00e9ration excessive du composant glandulaire et du stroma de l’endom\u00e8tre, entra\u00eenant un \u00e9paississement de la muqueuse et une modification du rapport entre glandes et stroma en faveur des glandes.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c9tiologie et physiopathologie<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Le principal moteur pathog\u00e9nique est l’hyper\u0153strog\u00e9nie absolue ou relative (exposition prolong\u00e9e aux \u0153strog\u00e8nes) sur fond de d\u00e9ficit en progest\u00e9rone. Les \u0153strog\u00e8nes stimulent l’activit\u00e9 mitotique des cellules. En l’absence de progest\u00e9rone, qui normalement arr\u00eate la division et d\u00e9clenche la transformation s\u00e9cr\u00e9toire, l’endom\u00e8tre continue de cro\u00eetre de mani\u00e8re incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e. Selon la classification de l’OMS (2014), deux formes fondamentalement diff\u00e9rentes sont distingu\u00e9es :<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  1. Hyperplasie sans atypie :<\/strong> Processus b\u00e9nin, le risque de transformation en cancer est inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 1-3\u00a0%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Hyperplasie atypique (n\u00e9oplasie intra\u00e9pith\u00e9liale endom\u00e9triale, EIN) :<\/strong> Vrai \u00e9tat pr\u00e9canc\u00e9reux, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par une atypie cellulaire (modification des noyaux). Risque de malignit\u00e9 \u2014 30-50\u00a0%.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Importance clinique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    Cliniquement, la maladie se manifeste par des saignements ut\u00e9rins anormaux : des menstruations abondantes et prolong\u00e9es (m\u00e9norragies<\/strong>) ou des saignements intermenstruels acycliques (m\u00e9trorragies). Souvent associ\u00e9 \u00e0 l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 (le tissu adipeux synth\u00e9tise des \u0153strog\u00e8nes), au syndrome des ovaires polykystiques (anovulation) et \u00e0 l’utilisation de tamoxif\u00e8ne. Le diagnostic est pos\u00e9 uniquement par histologie (apr\u00e8s biopsie de Pipelle ou curetage). La forme atypique n\u00e9cessite un traitement radical (souvent une hyst\u00e9rectomie), surtout en p\u00e9rim\u00e9nopause.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L’hyperplasie de l’endom\u00e8tre (du grec hyper<\/em> \u2014 au-del\u00e0, plasis<\/em> \u2014 formation) est un processus pathologique prolif\u00e9ratif caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par une prolif\u00e9ration excessive du composant glandulaire et du stroma de l’endom\u00e8tre, entra\u00eenant un \u00e9paississement de la muqueuse et une modification du rapport entre glandes et stroma en faveur des glandes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-6203","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHyperplasie de l'endom\u00e8tre : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'hyperplasie de l'endom\u00e8tre (du grec hyper \u2014 au-del\u00e0, plasis \u2014 formation) est un processus pathologique prolif\u00e9ratif caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par une prolif\u00e9ration excessive du composant glandulaire et du stroma de l'endom\u00e8tre, entra\u00eenant 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