{"id":1886,"date":"2025-12-11T15:14:39","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T12:14:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.dev.voka.io\/glossary\/maceration\/"},"modified":"2025-12-11T15:14:40","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T12:14:40","slug":"maceration","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.dev.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/maceration\/","title":{"rendered":"Mac\u00e9ration"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La mac\u00e9ration (du latin macerare<\/em>, \u00ab\u00a0amollir, faire tremper\u00a0\u00bb) est le processus de ramollissement et de gonflement des tissus, le plus souvent de la peau, \u00e0 la suite d’une exposition prolong\u00e9e \u00e0 un liquide. Cet \u00e9tat entra\u00eene une alt\u00e9ration de la fonction barri\u00e8re de l’\u00e9piderme.<\/p>\n\n

Visuellement, la peau mac\u00e9r\u00e9e appara\u00eet blanch\u00e2tre, rid\u00e9e et friable. Elle devient extr\u00eamement vuln\u00e9rable aux l\u00e9sions m\u00e9caniques et \u00e0 la p\u00e9n\u00e9tration de micro-organismes. L’exemple physiologique le plus simple est le plissement temporaire de la peau des doigts apr\u00e8s une exposition prolong\u00e9e \u00e0 l’eau.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c9tiologie et physiopathologie<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

La mac\u00e9ration de la peau est caus\u00e9e par tout contact prolong\u00e9 avec l’humidit\u00e9. Sur le plan physiopathologique, la couche corn\u00e9e de l’\u00e9piderme devient sursatur\u00e9e d’eau, ce qui entra\u00eene une perte de son int\u00e9grit\u00e9. Cela peut \u00eatre d\u00fb aux facteurs suivants\u00a0:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • Port prolong\u00e9 de bandages ou de pansements humides.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Contact constant avec des liquides biologiques (urine, selles, exsudat de plaie).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Transpiration excessive (hyperhidrose), surtout au niveau des plis cutan\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Importance clinique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    La mac\u00e9ration n’est pas une maladie en soi, mais constitue un signe clinique important qui complique l’\u00e9volution de nombreuses affections. Elle augmente fortement le risque d’infection bact\u00e9rienne ou fongique secondaire.<\/p>\n\n

    Dans le processus de cicatrisation, la mac\u00e9ration de la peau autour de la plaie due \u00e0 un exsudat abondant ralentit consid\u00e9rablement la gu\u00e9rison en emp\u00eachant l’\u00e9pith\u00e9lialisation. La pr\u00e9vention et le traitement consistent \u00e0 \u00e9liminer le contact avec l’humidit\u00e9\u00a0: changement r\u00e9gulier des pansements, utilisation de cr\u00e8mes barri\u00e8res et application de pansements hautement absorbants.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    La mac\u00e9ration (du latin macerare, \u00ab amollir, faire tremper \u00bb) est le processus de ramollissement et de gonflement des tissus, le plus souvent de la peau, \u00e0 la suite d’une exposition prolong\u00e9e \u00e0 un liquide. Cet \u00e9tat entra\u00eene une alt\u00e9ration de la fonction barri\u00e8re de l’\u00e9piderme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-1886","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMac\u00e9ration : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La mac\u00e9ration (du latin macerare, \u00ab amollir, faire tremper \u00bb) est le processus de ramollissement et de gonflement des tissus, le plus souvent de la peau, \u00e0 la suite d'une exposition prolong\u00e9e \u00e0 un liquide. 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