{"id":6763,"date":"2026-02-26T16:54:18","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T13:54:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.dev.voka.io\/glossary\/ph-vaginal\/"},"modified":"2026-05-04T16:32:48","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T13:32:48","slug":"ph-vaginal","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.dev.voka.io\/es\/glosario\/ph-vaginal\/","title":{"rendered":"pH vaginal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

pH vaginal (lat. pondus Hydrogenii<\/em> \u2014 peso del hidr\u00f3geno) es un indicador bioqu\u00edmico que refleja la concentraci\u00f3n de iones de hidr\u00f3geno en el trasudado vaginal. <\/p>\n\n

La norma fisiol\u00f3gica para mujeres en edad reproductiva se mantiene estrictamente en el rango de 3,8\u20134,5 (reacci\u00f3n \u00e1cida).<\/p>\n\n

Etiolog\u00eda y fisiopatolog\u00eda<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

El medio \u00e1cido de la vagina se mantiene gracias al \u00e1cido l\u00e1ctico, que es el producto final de la gluc\u00f3lisis anaer\u00f3bica del gluc\u00f3geno del epitelio vaginal. Este proceso metab\u00f3lico lo realizan las lactobacterias (Lactobacillus spp.<\/em>). <\/p>\n\n

El bajo pH es un factor crucial de la inmunidad humoral no espec\u00edfica (\u00abbarrera \u00e1cida\u00bb): inhibe la adhesi\u00f3n y proliferaci\u00f3n de la mayor\u00eda de los microorganismos pat\u00f3genos y oportunistas acidof\u00f3bicos (Gardnerella, estreptococos, gonococos), pero es \u00f3ptimo para la flora propia.<\/p>\n\n

Importancia cl\u00ednica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

La determinaci\u00f3n del pH con tiras reactivas es un test de cribado b\u00e1sico para el diagn\u00f3stico diferencial de infecciones vulvovaginales:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • pH \u2264 4,5 (normal):<\/strong> en presencia de s\u00edntomas, es caracter\u00edstico de la vulvovaginitis candidi\u00e1sica (los hongos Candida<\/em> son tolerantes a los \u00e1cidos) o vaginosis citol\u00edtica.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pH > 4,5 (ambiente alcalino):<\/strong> indica una disminuci\u00f3n del nivel de lactobacterias y es caracter\u00edstico de vaginosis bacteriana<\/strong>, tricomoniasis, vaginitis aer\u00f3bica. En la menopausia, el aumento del pH es un marcador de vaginitis atr\u00f3fica<\/strong> (debido a la falta de sustrato \u2014 gluc\u00f3geno).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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